Fix #5230: video upload 500 error (StatementInvalid) & empty error panel on page

Fix StatementInvalid exception when uploading https://files.catbox.moe/vxoe2p.mp4.

This was a result of multiple bugs:

* First, generating thumbnails for the video failed. This was because
  the video uses the AV1 codec, which FFmpeg failed to decode. It failed
  because our version of FFmpeg was built without the `--enable-libdav1d`
  flag, so it uses the builtin AV1 decoder, which apparently can't
  handle this particular video (it spews a bunch of errors about "Failed
  to get pixel format" and "missing sequence header" and "failed to get
  reference frame").

* Because generating the thumbnails failed, an exception was raised. We
  tried to save the error message in the upload_media_assets.error
  field. However, this also failed because the error message was 77kb
  long (it contained the entire output of the ffmpeg command), but the
  `upload_media_assets` table had a btree index on the `error` column,
  which meant the maximum length of the error column was limited to
  ~2.7kb. This lead to a StatementInvalid exception being raised.

* Because the StatementInvalid exception was raised while we were trying
  to set the upload media asset's status to `failed`, the upload was
  left stuck in the `processing` state rather than being set to the
  `failed` state.

* Because the upload was stuck in the `processing` state, the upload
  page would hang forever waiting for the upload to complete.

The fixes are to:

* Build FFmpeg with `--enable-libdav1d` to use libdav1d for decoding AV1
  videos instead of the builtin AV1 decoder.

* Remove the index on the `upload_media_assets.error` column so that
  setting overly long error messages won't fail.

* Catch unexpected exceptions in ProcessUploadMediaAssetJob so we can
  mark uploads as failed, even if `process_upload!` itself fails because
  it raises an unexpected exception inside its own exception handler.

* Check that the video is playable with `MediaFile::Video#is_corrupt?` before
  allowing it to be uploaded. This way we can return a better error
  message if we can't generate thumbnails because the video isn't
  playable. This requires decoding the entire video, so it means uploads
  may take several seconds longer for long videos. It's also a security
  risk in case ffmpeg has any bugs.

* Define `MediaAsset#preview!` as raising an exception on error, so
  it's clear that generating thumbnails can fail. Define `MediaAsset#preview`
  as returning nil on error for when we don't care about the cause of
  the error.

app/logical/media_file.rb

@@ -200,17 +200,23 @@ class MediaFile
     false
   end
 
-  # Return a preview of the file, sized to fit within the given width and
-  # height (preserving the aspect ratio).
+  # Return a preview of the file, sized to fit within the given width and height (preserving the aspect ratio).
   #
   # @param width [Integer] the max width of the image
   # @param height [Integer] the max height of the image
   # @param options [Hash] extra options when generating the preview
   # @return [MediaFile, nil] a preview file, or nil if we can't generate a preview for this file type (e.g. Flash files)
   def preview(width, height, **options)
+    preview!(width, height, **options)
+  rescue
     nil
   end
 
+  # Like `preview`, but raises an exception if generating the preview fails for any reason.
+  def preview!(width, height, **options)
+    raise NotImplementedError
+  end
+
   # Return a set of AI-inferred tags for this image. Performs an API call to
   # the Autotagger service. The Autotagger service must be running, otherwise
   # it will return an empty list of tags.