puma: add rack-timeout gem.

Unlike Unicorn, Puma doesn't have a builtin HTTP request timeout
mechanism, so we have to use Rack::Timeout instead.

See the caveats in the Rack::Timeout documentation [1]. In Unicorn, a
timeout would send a SIGKILL to the worker, immediately killing it. This
would result in a dropped connection and a Cloudflare 502 error to the
user. In Puma, it raises an exception, which we can catch and return a
better error to the user. On the other hand, raising an exception can
potentially corrupt application state if it's sent at the wrong time, or
be delayed indefinitely if the app is stuck in IO or C extension code.

The default request timeout is 65 seconds. 65 seconds is to give things
like HTTP requests on a 60 second timeout enough time to complete. Set
the RACK_REQUEST_TIMEOUT environment variable to change the timeout.

1: https://github.com/sharpstone/rack-timeout#further-documentation

Gemfile

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ gem 'newrelic_rpm', require: false
 gem 'clockwork'
 gem 'puma-metrics'
 gem 'puma_worker_killer'
+gem "rack-timeout", require: "rack/timeout/base"
 
 group :production, :staging do
   gem 'unicorn', :platforms => :ruby

Gemfile.lock

@@ -344,6 +344,7 @@ GEM
       rack
     rack-test (1.1.0)
       rack (>= 1.0, < 3)
+    rack-timeout (0.6.0)
     rails (6.1.4.1)
       actioncable (= 6.1.4.1)
       actionmailbox (= 6.1.4.1)
@@ -568,6 +569,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   puma_worker_killer
   pundit
   rack-mini-profiler
+  rack-timeout
   rails (~> 6.0)
   rake
   rakismet

app/controllers/application_controller.rb

@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
       render_error_page(422, exception, template: "static/tag_limit_error", message: "You cannot search for more than #{CurrentUser.tag_query_limit} tags at a time.")
     when RateLimiter::RateLimitError
       render_error_page(429, exception)
+    when Rack::Timeout::RequestTimeoutException
+      render_error_page(500, exception, message: "Your request took too long to complete and was canceled.")
     when NotImplementedError
       render_error_page(501, exception, message: "This feature isn't available: #{exception.message}")
     when PG::ConnectionBad

config/initializers/rack_timeout.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# https://github.com/sharpstone/rack-timeout#configuring
+options = {
+  service_timeout: ENV.fetch("RACK_REQUEST_TIMEOUT", 65).to_i,
+  wait_timeout: false,
+  wait_overtime: false,
+  service_past_wait: false,
+  term_on_timeout: false
+}
+
+Rack::Timeout::Logger.logger = Rails.logger.dup
+Rack::Timeout::Logger.logger.level = :error
+
+Rails.application.config.middleware.insert_before Rack::Runtime, Rack::Timeout, **options