dmails, emails: refactor to use Rails signed_id.

Refactor email verification links and Dmail share links to use the new
Rails signed_id mechanism, rather than our own handrolled mechanism.

For Dmail share links, we have to override some Rails internal methods
so that our old links still work. For email verification links, this
will invalidate existing links, but this isn't a huge deal since these
links are short-lived anyway.

https://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/SignedId.html
https://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/SignedId/ClassMethods.html

app/controllers/application_controller.rb

@@ -99,6 +99,8 @@ class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
       render_error_page(401, exception, template: "sessions/new")
     when ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken, ActionController::UnpermittedParameters, ActionController::InvalidCrossOriginRequest
       render_error_page(403, exception)
+    when ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier::InvalidSignature # raised by `find_signed!`
+      render_error_page(403, exception, template: "static/access_denied", message: "Access denied")
     when User::PrivilegeError, Pundit::NotAuthorizedError
       render_error_page(403, exception, template: "static/access_denied", message: "Access denied")
     when ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound

app/controllers/dmails_controller.rb

@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ class DmailsController < ApplicationController
   end
 
   def show
-    @dmail = authorize Dmail.find(params[:id])
+    if params[:key].present?
+      @dmail = Dmail.find_signed!(params[:key], purpose: "dmail_link")
+    else
+      @dmail = authorize Dmail.find(params[:id])
+    end
 
     if request.format.html? && @dmail.owner == CurrentUser.user
       @dmail.update!(is_read: true)

app/controllers/emails_controller.rb

@@ -48,8 +48,7 @@ class EmailsController < ApplicationController
 
     if @email_address.blank?
       redirect_to edit_user_email_path(@user)
-    elsif params[:email_verification_key].present?
-      authorize @email_address
+    elsif params[:email_verification_key].present? && @email_address == EmailAddress.find_signed!(params[:email_verification_key], purpose: "verify")
       @email_address.verify!
       flash[:notice] = "Email address verified"
       redirect_to @email_address.user

app/models/dmail.rb

@@ -109,16 +109,20 @@ class Dmail < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   concerning :AuthorizationMethods do
-    def verifier
-      @verifier ||= Danbooru::MessageVerifier.new(:dmail_link)
+    class_methods do
+      # XXX hack so that rails' signed_id mechanism works with our pre-existing dmail keys.
+      # https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/main/activerecord/lib/active_record/signed_id.rb
+      def signed_id_verifier_secret
+        Rails.application.key_generator.generate_key("dmail_link")
+      end
+
+      def combine_signed_id_purposes(purpose)
+        purpose
+      end
     end
 
     def key
-      verifier.generate(id)
-    end
-
-    def valid_key?(key)
-      id == verifier.verified(key)
+      signed_id(purpose: "dmail_link")
     end
   end
 

app/models/email_address.rb

@@ -69,17 +69,7 @@ class EmailAddress < ApplicationRecord
     end
   end
 
-  concerning :VerificationMethods do
-    def verifier
-      @verifier ||= Danbooru::MessageVerifier.new(:email_verification_key)
-    end
-
-    def verification_key
-      verifier.generate(id)
-    end
-
-    def valid_key?(key)
-      id == verifier.verified(key)
-    end
+  def verification_key
+    signed_id(purpose: "verify")
   end
 end

app/policies/dmail_policy.rb

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class DmailPolicy < ApplicationPolicy
 
   def show?
     return true if user.is_owner?
-    !user.is_anonymous? && (record.owner_id == user.id || record.valid_key?(request.params[:key]))
+    !user.is_anonymous? && record.owner_id == user.id
   end
 
   def reportable?

app/policies/email_address_policy.rb

@@ -13,11 +13,7 @@ class EmailAddressPolicy < ApplicationPolicy
   end
 
   def verify?
-    if request.params[:email_verification_key].present?
-      record.valid_key?(request.params[:email_verification_key])
-    else
-      record.user_id == user.id
-    end
+    record.user_id == user.id
   end
 
   def send_confirmation?